*\u0130SMA\u0130L HAKKI \u00dcZ\u00dcM<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurbanbaba Zaferi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Nisan 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan Antep \u015fehir sava\u015flar\u0131, 26 Nisan\u2019da Ma\u011faraba\u015f\u0131 taarruzu ile devam etmi\u015f ise de Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n bu sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 Milli kuvvetlerin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak d\u00fc\u015fman kuvvetleri, Antep\u2019in \u00e7evresinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, Antep\u2019in do\u011fusunda ve k\u0131smen g\u00fcneyinde Albay Normand m\u00fcfrezesi, bat\u0131s\u0131nda ise Albay Debieuvre m\u00fcfrezesi Antep\u2019i ku\u015fatmaya devam etmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine Milli kuvvetler, Antep\u2019i bir\u00e7ok cephede muhasara eden d\u00fc\u015fman kuvvetlerini atmak amac\u0131yla 28\/29 Nisan gecesi bir taarruz d\u00fczenleyerek Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n geri \u00e7ekilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve ku\u015fatma ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Frans\u0131zlar ise Antep\u2019te yaln\u0131zca Kurbanbaba Tepesini, baz\u0131 Ermeni evlerini ve Kolej b\u00f6lgesini ellerinde tutmu\u015flard\u0131r[1]<\/a>.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurbanbaba Tepesi, Antep\u2019e tamamen h\u00e2kim bir noktada bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n elinde bulundu\u011fu s\u00fcrece \u015fehrin ate\u015f alt\u0131nda kalma tehlikesi devam etmi\u015ftir. Bundan dolay\u0131 Milli kuvvetler bu tepenin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131klar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada Frans\u0131z birliklerinin de bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Antep\u2019ten \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla beraber \u00f6nemli bir f\u0131rsat yakalanm\u0131\u015f ve 2\/3 May\u0131s 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda taarruz ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[2]<\/a>. 3 May\u0131s\u2019ta \u00f6\u011fleden ak\u015fama dek s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelede T\u00fcrk kuvvetlerinin \u00fcst\u00fcn cesaret ve kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131 neticesinde Frans\u0131zlar ikinci kez b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu olay Antep halk\u0131n\u0131n moralini b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Milli kuvvetler bu taarruz s\u0131ras\u0131nda Rahmi Efendiyi \u015fehit vermi\u015fler, Frans\u0131zlar ise 100\u2019\u00fc a\u015fk\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc ve yaral\u0131 ile Kolej\u2019e ve Mardin binas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurbanbaba Tepesinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zafer kazanan Antepliler, Frans\u0131z ve Ermenilere b\u00fcy\u00fck bir darbe vurmu\u015f ve bunlar\u0131 ku\u015fatma alt\u0131na al\u0131p teslim olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Frans\u0131zlar ise makineli t\u00fcfekleri ve toplar\u0131 ile savunma durumunda kalm\u0131\u015f ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan yard\u0131m beklemi\u015flerdir. T\u00fcrk kuvvetlerinin kazanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bu \u00f6nemli olay Anadolu bas\u0131n\u0131nda hemen yank\u0131 bulmu\u015f ve Albayrak Gazetesinin 13 May\u0131s 1920 y\u0131l\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131nda taarruz ile ilgili \u015fu ifadelere yer verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcstahber\u00e2t-\u0131 Hus\u00fbsiyye<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ay\u0131ntab\u2019\u0131n hemen cenubundaki Kurban Baba Tepesi Kuv\u00e2-y\u0131 Milliye taraf\u0131ndan bi\u2019l-h\u00fccum zapt edilmi\u015ftir. D\u00fc\u015fman taraf\u0131ndan esasl\u0131 bir surette tahkim edilen bu tepede bir\u00e7ok makineli, otomatik t\u00fcfenkleriyle y\u00fcz kadar muhaf\u0131z vard\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda kasaban\u0131n garb\u0131ndaki Kolej m\u00fcst\u00e2hkem mevziinin toplar\u0131yla ve y\u00fcksek Ermeni evlerinden piyade ate\u015fiyle himaye edilmekteydi. H\u00fccumla bask\u0131n tarz\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan Kolej\u2019e firar etmek isteyen d\u00fc\u015fman k\u0131smen Kurban Baba\u2019da yakay\u0131 ele vermi\u015f, teslim olmayan bir zabit ile k\u0131rk nefer maktul d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kuv\u00e2-y\u0131 Milliye\u2019nin z\u0131y\u00e2\u2019\u0131 iki \u015fehit, on iki mecruhtur. D\u00fc\u015fman adedi hen\u00fcz taayy\u00fcn etmemi\u015f otomatik t\u00fcfenk, Frans\u0131z t\u00fcfengi, cephane ve bomba i\u011ftin\u00e2m edilmi\u015ftir. Ay\u0131ntab\u2019da kalan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n bak\u0131yyesi Kolej binalar\u0131 ile Amerikan Eytamhanesi\u2019nde ve Ermeni mahallat\u0131nda tahassun eylemi\u015ftir. Ay\u0131ntab Kuv\u00e2-y\u0131 Milliye taraf\u0131ndan tamam\u0131yla muhasaraya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akbaba Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milli kuvvetlerin Kurbanbaba\u2019daki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 Antep d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Frans\u0131zlar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Antep\u2019te ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Frans\u0131z birliklerine takviye etmek amac\u0131yla Kilis\u2019te b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Frans\u0131z kuvvetinin haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmi\u015f ve 21 May\u0131s g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 17.30\u2019da Kilis Kuv\u00e2-y\u0131 Milliye Komutan\u0131 Polat Bey\u2019den al\u0131nan raporda, 200\u2019den fazla araba ve birka\u00e7 otomobilden kurulu erzak kolunun ve piyade taburunun Kilis\u2019ten Antep\u2019e do\u011fru harekete ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milli kuvvetler, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n Antep\u2019e girmelerini engellemek ve geri \u00e7evirmek amac\u0131yla bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Akbaba Tepesine di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da K\u00f6rk\u00fcn K\u00f6y\u00fc s\u0131rtlar\u0131na savunma hatt\u0131n\u0131 kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. 22 May\u0131s sabah\u0131 Frans\u0131zlar, Mizmiz Tepesi ve Elmal\u0131 Tepesinin kuzey s\u0131rtlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yay\u0131larak Geneyik k\u00f6y\u00fc \u00fczerinden Akbaba mevzilerine sald\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r[5]<\/a>. Burada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen sava\u015f g\u00fcn sonuna dek t\u00fcm \u015fiddetiyle devam etmi\u015ftir. Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n say\u0131 ve silah \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Milli kuvvetler geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[6]<\/a>. Bu sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmamas\u0131ndaki bir di\u011fer husus ise askeri stratejilerin ve planlamalar\u0131n eksik yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir[7]<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milli kuvvetlerin Antep\u2019e \u00e7ekilmesi halk \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etki yapm\u0131\u015fsa da halk sab\u0131r ve cesaret g\u00f6stererek hi\u00e7 zaman kaybetmeden geri \u00e7ekilen kuvvetler ile birlikte tekrardan \u015fehir i\u00e7i sava\u015f d\u00fczenini almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada Frans\u0131z birli\u011fi de ikiye ayr\u0131larak bir k\u0131sm\u0131 K\u00f6rk\u00fcn, Nafak Bo\u011faz yoluyla do\u011fudan; di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck K\u0131z\u0131lhisar K\u00f6y\u00fc yoluyla Bat\u0131\u2019dan Antep\u2019 girmi\u015flerdir[8]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n